Patients or post-operative clients, high load and high strength exercises might not be scientifically appropriate.
It has been utilized in the gym setting for some time however it is getting appeal in clinical settings. BFR training was at first established in the 1960's in Japan and known as KAATSU training.
It can be applied to either the upper or lower limb. The cuff is then inflated to a specific pressure with the goal of acquiring partial arterial and complete venous occlusion. Muscle hypertrophy is the boost in diameter of the muscle as well as an increase of the protein content within the fibres.
Muscle stress and metabolic tension are the two main aspects accountable for muscle hypertrophy. Mechanical Tension & Metabolic Stress [modify modify source] When a muscle is positioned under mechanical tension, the concentration of anabolic hormone levels increase. The activation of myogenic stem cells and the elevated anabolic hormones result in protein metabolism and as such muscle hypertrophy can take place.
Insulin-like growth aspect and development hormonal agent are accountable for increased collagen synthesis after exercise and help muscle healing. Development hormone itself does not directly cause muscle hypertrophy but it helps muscle recovery and thus potentially helps with the muscle strengthening procedure. The build-up of lactate and hydrogen ions (eg in hypoxic training) additional boosts the release of development hormonal agent.
Myostatin controls and prevents cell growth in muscle tissue. It requires to be basically closed down for muscle hypertrophy to take place. Resistance training results in the compression of capillary within the muscles being trained. This causes an hypoxic environment due to a reduction in oxygen shipment to the muscle.
This causes an increase in anaerobic lactic metabolic process and the production of lactate. When there is blood pooling and a build-up of metabolites cell swelling takes place. This swelling within the cells causes an anabolic response and leads to muscle hypertrophy. The cell swelling might really trigger mechanical stress which will then trigger the myogenic stem cells as discussed above.
The cuff is put proximally to the muscle being exercise and low intensity exercises can then be performed. Due to the fact that the outflow of blood is limited using the cuff capillary blood that has a low oxygen material collects and there is a boost in protons and lactic acid. The very same physiological adaptations to the muscle (eg release of hormonal agents, hypoxia and cell swelling) will take location during the BFR training and low strength workout as would occur with high intensity workout.
( 1) Low strength BFR (LI-BFR) results in a boost in the water material of the muscle cells (cell swelling). It also accelerates the recruitment of fast-twitch muscle fibers. It is also assumed that when the cuff is removed a hyperemia (excess of blood in the capillary) will form and this will cause additional cell swelling.
These boosts resembled gains gotten as an outcome of high-intensity workout without BFR A study comparing (1) high strength, (2) low intensity, (3) low and high strength with BFR and (4) low strength with BFR. While all 4 workout routines produced increases in torque, muscle activations and muscle endurance over a 6 week duration - the high intensity (group 1) and BFR (groups 3 and 4) produced the biggest impact size and were equivalent to each other.